Bitcoin
Bitcoin BIP-110 Enters Mandatory Signaling Phase With Minimal Miner Support
A proposed protocol change began enforcing node validation at block 961,632 despite miners backing it in fewer than 3% of recent blocks.
Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 110 entered its mandatory-signaling phase on Saturday at block 961,632, with miners signaling support in just 51 of the preceding 2,016 blocks—2.53% of the total, far below the 55% threshold needed for early activation. Starting at that block, nodes enforcing BIP-110 began rejecting blocks lacking version bit 4, while standard Bitcoin nodes continued accepting both signaling and non-signaling blocks. A minority BIP-110 branch emerged as a result but quickly fell behind the dominant chain.
The low signaling rate makes sustaining a rival chain improbable without substantially greater miner participation. With minimal mining support, a BIP-110 branch could advance slowly or cease producing blocks altogether, testing whether supporters can advance a contentious consensus change without broad miner backing.
Written by developer Dathon Ohm, BIP-110 proposes temporary consensus restrictions lasting roughly one year. These would limit most new output scripts to 34 bytes, cap OP_RETURN outputs at 83 bytes, restrict certain data pushes and witness elements to 256 bytes, and temporarily limit several Taproot features. Unspent transaction outputs created before activation would remain exempt.
Proponents argue the restrictions would discourage inscriptions and non-monetary data that increase storage and bandwidth costs for node operators. Critics, including Strategy chairman Michael Saylor and Blockstream CEO Adam Back, contend the proposal could divide Bitcoin and cause nodes to reject transactions permitted under existing rules.
The deployment schedule sets blocks 961,632 through 963,647 as a mandatory-signaling window. Block 963,648 marks the locked-in state, and block 965,664 is when transaction restrictions take effect.
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